Young activists in Lebanon march with a banner that reflects the name of their group, "The Lebanese people want to drop the sectarian system."[Joseph Faddoul/Al-Shorfa]
The energy of youth movements in the Arab world has spread to Lebanon as young activists are organising weekly protests calling for an end to the country's sectarian politics.
Movement organisers are using online social networks to plan their events, the most recent of which occurred Sunday (April 3rd) in Sidon. Another protest is scheduled for April 10th for Beirut.
Over the past five weeks, thousands of young activists participated in Sunday protests in a campaign titled "The Lebanese people want to drop the sectarian system", which is also the name of a Facebook page that includes 20,660 people and carries the slogan "Say 'no' to sectarianism, poverty, high prices, corruption, nepotism, unemployment, waste and exploitation."
The demonstration on March 20th in Beirut attracted about 20,000 people of different affiliations from various regions. Demonstration leaders said the groups highlight the religious and political diversity of the participants by taking a different route each time, while raising a picture depicting Lebanon's prominent political leaders with the slogan "No to the sectarian symbols of the regime."
Activist Bashar Zuaiter is stationed daily in a tent set up by his colleagues in front of the Ministry of Interior in Beirut, which has been transformed into a gathering place for popular movements.
"Our movement was launched on Facebook. We were influenced by events in Tunisia and Egypt. We called for a demonstration on February 27th that drew an overwhelming response. The second demonstration drew more participants, and at the third, the number exceeded 20,000," Zuaiter said.
He said they positioned the tent in front of the Ministry of Interior because the ministry is responsible for issues such as personal status, election law, and nationalization. A number of similar tents were set up in Sidon in the south and Aley in Mount Lebanon to explain the concept of non-sectarianism to the public.
According to Zuaiter, the tent is starting to receive visits from politicians, notably former Prime Minister Salim Hoss, who expressed support for the movement's demand to abolish sectarianism. Zuaiter hopes politicians do not exploit the activists' demands to serve their own personal interests.
After their protest on March 20th, a group of young campaigners with the "The Lebanese people want to drop the sectarian system" met with Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri, who asked them to provide him a draft amendment to the Personal Status Act that he could present to the House of Representatives for expedited consideration.
The Lebanese Constitution calls for elected officials to eliminate political sectarianism according to a phased plan and form a national body to oversee the change but such steps have not been adopted yet.
Some believe that the participation of thousands in demonstrations was not the result of social networking through web pages, but rather the result of partisan and sectarian manipulation by political parties who encouraged the movements.
Minister Michel Pharaon questioned the timing of the demonstrations and their origin. "I am not against the abolition of sectarianism, but [change] should be brought about in a gradual manner in an atmosphere of tranquillity and stability. The atmosphere is currently extremely charged with sectarianism," he said.
Journalist Jihad Bazzi said the timing of the demonstrations is expected given "the hope for change generated by the revolutions of the Arab youth, and the political impasse reached by the March 8 and March 14 forces. They (the demonstrators) were just waiting for the motivation to break the fear of failure to bring about change."
Fadi Madi, an organiser with the "National People's Campaign to drop the sectarian system", another movement that is active on Facebook and that holds activities in downtown Beirut, told Al-Shorfa, "The young people demonstrating in the street are entirely opposed to both March 8 and March 14, and those firing the accusations are individuals who could be adversely affected by the abolition of political sectarianism in the country."
Junaid Sariyudin, a director, actor and anti-sectarian activist, denied that political parties stood behind these movements. "If there were parties behind these movements, the crowds would have been several hundred thousand strong because the parties can mobilise large numbers of supporters," he said.
"If this movement is able to achieve a breakthrough in resolving problems such as the adoption of a unified history book, an election system based on proportionality, or the issue of civil marriage, the system's sectarian chain would begin to unravel," he said.
Ibrahim Murad, president of the Syriac Union Party, told Al-Shorfa, "We support the abolition of sectarianism on the condition that possession of arms is restricted to the Lebanese state, and citizenship is reinstated to those who are of Lebanese descent along with granting them the right to vote because most of them are Christians."
"Lebanon was built on a foundation of various spiritual sects, and sectarianism cannot be abolished without a comprehensive dialogue whereby all controversial issues are raised," he said, pointing out that Christians have become a minority. "Who would guarantee their rights if sectarianism is abolished?"
The new Maronite Patriarch Bechara al-Rai has expressed support for the abolition of political sectarianism, but he wondered "What do we mean by sectarianism, and by abolishing it? And if abolition occurs, what is the alternative?"
He said he supported a secular state that respects religion, adding that Lebanon is a secular country that respects civil rights and all religions with no sect or denomination monopolising political or military power.
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READER COMMENTS
ابراهيم الفارس
2011-7-30
The Lebanese people will not be able to get rid of the Lebanese government makeup, which is ruling the country on the basis that the president must be Christian, the Prime Minister must be a Sunni and the Speaker of the Parliament must be Shiite. This is due to the fact that the conditions of people will decline and there are many people waiting to seize opportunities to sow dissension among the Lebanese people.
لبنى
2011-7-29
The Lebanese people are the ones who should decide whether they want these divisions, which are causing many problems in this country to remain. These divisions remind us of the civil war and the problems the country has gone through. The people need to revolt, to expel those bastards and to form a government from the people that abolishes these malicious, sectarian divisions.
lnbna
2011-7-28
The Lebanese people are good people with long, well-known history, and the system of government in Lebanon is known and customary, but the parties that have entered the country and begun to sow sectarian dissension have caused the citizens to think about changing the regime. It is necessary to find a way out or a solution, to stop the situation of sectarianism in the country. The sect to which the President or the Prime Minister or the Speaker of Parliament belong is not important; what’s important is that they care for the interest of the country and the people so that the people would be satisfied with their rule. The Lebanese people should not get rid of the formation which is ruling the country, a Christian President, a Sunni Prime Minister and a Shiite Speaker of Parliament; rather, they should eradicate sectarianism and not let its ideas influence them. They should do the right thing so that they can live in peace. They should eliminate sectarianism and racism, and only care for the interest of the country and the improvement of its situation.
jor
2011-7-28
As a Lebanese citizen, I want to say that the demonstrations have been peaceful. And we want the whole world to know that we are not sectarian people who have called for these operations that have aimed to destroy Arabs. In fact, I hate sectarianism and racism. I hope that this situation will not be repeated. I have also followed the events taking place in Iraq due to sectarianism and I know their effect, so I hope that the Lebanese people will avoid committing the same crime. In fact, it is the duty of the government and the Islamic preachers to take an interest in this important issue. They must also raise the awareness of people in regards to the dangers of sectarianism. We do not want people to talk badly about us because Lebanon is truly among the best and calmest and most beautiful Arab countries. Besides, we don’t want to destroy our country and we don’t want anyone to interfere in our domestic affairs. Thus, I pray to God to protect all the Arab countries from sectarianism and racism and strengthen their faith and loyalty. And we don’t want anyone to interfere in our personal matters.
بهاء
2011-7-27
I think that the Lebanese people do not want any problems and civil wars or dissensions and divisions; that’s why they cannot change the system of government controlling the country, which stipulates that the President has to be Christian, the Prime Minister has to be Sunni and the Head of Parliament has to be Shiite. With this system, Lebanon will avoid getting into the maze of sectarian divisions, because it is a country where there are a lot of sects and religions. Therefore, it is better to maintain this system for everybody’s sake and not to plunge the country into problems and disputes, or anything else that may cause harm to the Lebanese people. This government should operate according to the system of justice and equality, so as not to be subject to criticism by the Lebanese people. All its members should be united, and they should cooperate so as to reflect a positive image of the people of Lebanon. The government represents the people with all their sects and religions, so it is better to avoid problems and not leave power in the hand of a particular sect or religion, so as not to worsen the situation in the country and to make it stable and secure. The country will have a better future if this government provides all the requirements of the Lebanese people.
سميع حسن
2011-7-7
We must follow many factors and work on consolidating them in Lebanese society, so that Lebanon will enjoy security, stability, development and progress. The most important factors are rejecting sectarianism in the country and political quotas, which are considered the main factor responsible for the lack of security and stability in the country. In addition, it had a great impact on the Lebanese economy and weakened it, making Lebanon lead a backward and useless economic life. Therefore, the Lebanese people desperately need change toward a comprehensive national unity, and they need to end working with sectarian quotas. In fact, these are the factors that led to weakening Lebanon at all levels. The latter led to weakening the national identity among many Lebanese people, till the country became an easy prey for foreign interventions and international influence, which took control of the country. In fact, they have exploited this aspect in order to achieve their interests in Lebanon, namely the long-term Syrian oppression of Lebanese people. This influence is still present now, although the Lebanese government and people were keen to establish good relationships and to cooperate with Syria. However, the latter must respect the sovereignty, independence and freedom of Lebanon and must not interfere in its personal affairs in order to prevent the recurrence of tyranny, which the Lebanese people have suffered from the Syrian government in the past. However, we notice the political events which are happening on the Lebanese scene, and the return of the Syrian regime and coordination with the Lebanese Hezbollah in order to regain control of Lebanon once again. In fact, it is still working on igniting sectarianism, fanning sectarian and religious conflicts, and causing security instability, in addition to some assassinations that occurred in the country after the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon. In fact, through such acts, the Syrian regime wants to prove to the whole world that stability in Lebanon can be realized only through the Syrian regime and its assistance. Therefore, the Lebanese must get rid of sectarian divisions and unite their efforts in order to rebuild the country’s infrastructure, through mutual trust and unity between the sons of Lebanon, for the sake of facing the imminent dangers threatening the country.
سميع حسن
2011-7-7
We must follow many factors and work on consolidating them in Lebanese society, so that Lebanon will enjoy security, stability, development and progress. The most important factors are rejecting sectarianism in the country and political quotas, which are considered the main factor responsible for the lack of security and stability in the country. In addition, it had a great impact on the Lebanese economy and weakened it, making Lebanon lead a backward and useless economic life. Therefore, the Lebanese people desperately need change toward a comprehensive national unity, and they need to end work with sectarian quotas. In fact, these are the factors that led to weakening Lebanon at all levels. The latter led to weakening the national consciousness among many Lebanese people, till the country has become an easy prey for foreign intervention and international influence, which took control of the country. In fact, they have exploited this factor in order to achieve their interests in Lebanon, namely the long-term Syrian oppression of Lebanese people. This influence is still present till the present day, although the Lebanese government and people were keen to establish good relationships and to cooperate with Syria. Yet, the latter must respect the sovereignty, independence and freedom of Lebanon and must not interfere in its personal affairs in order to prevent the recurrence of tyranny, which the Lebanese people have been suffering from the Syrian government in the past. However, we notice through the political events which are happening on the Lebanese scene, and the return of the Syrian regime and cooperation with the Lebanese Hezbollah in order to regain control of Lebanon once again. In fact, it is still working on igniting sectarianism, fanning sectarian and religious conflicts, and causing security instability, in addition to some assassinations that occurred in the country after the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon. In fact, through such acts, the Syrian regime wants to prove to the whole world that stability in Lebanon can be fulfilled only through the Syrian regime and its assistance. Therefore, the Lebanese must get rid of sectarian division and unite their efforts in order to rebuild the country’s infrastructure, through mutual trust and unity between the sons of Lebanon, for the sake of facing the imminent dangers threatening the country.
رشيد الجزائري
2011-7-7
Lebanon is a country that has suffered many tragedies, which have affected it and the brotherly Lebanese people. Lebanon is a country that we love, and we wish it all the best. We pray that God the Exalted will establish security and stability everywhere in Lebanon, and that peace will be restored in this beautiful country, whose pains and sufferings we empathize with. We always pray for Lebanon and its people to restore security and enjoy happiness and peace of mind. We also want Lebanon to stop aching and be done with all its unresolved issues, from which the people are equally suffering. O Lord, we implore You, raising our hands in supplication, for the sake of Lebanon and its stability, so that it can return to how it was in the past.
فتح الله
2011-5-26
How can Lebanese people benefit from all these events taking place on their land? In fact, Lebanon has witnessed a lot of devastating wars that have claimed the lives of many innocent victims. Thus, what is the result? And who is the beneficiary of all these events? In fact, Lebanon has been a very beautiful tourist country and its people are very kind, generous and wonderful. Why are the Arab countries always witnessing wars, divisions, racism and sectarianism? Who will benefit from this? Why don’t these Arab countries live in stability, calm, tranquility and freedom? Why is there all this hatred among the people of the same country? Why have we been busy killing one another and left the enemies alone, who have stolen our wealth? Thus, the Lebanese people must be careful, and they must put the country’s interest in the first place in order to regain stability. This can be achieved by replacing violence, bloodshed and wars with discussion, understanding and dialogue, because these disorders can have a dangerous effect on the country and its people.
جعفر علي ابراهيم
2011-5-24
First of all, Lebanon must achieve unity, calm and stability by avoiding conflicts and disputes between Muslims and Christians. In fact, it is important to achieve agreement and cooperation for the sake of the country’s interest first and foremost. Besides, too many problems and conflicts will lead the country towards the abyss, and towards wars, murders, internal destruction. This will remove Lebanon from the map. Thus, it is important to pay attention to the country’s situation, because the economy has come to be in danger and is deteriorating. Besides, the Lebanese government and its people must be aware of the danger of this intolerance, disputes, conflicts, hatred and wars. In fact, all these problems will have bad repercussions, and the demise of the Lebanese government and people will be imminent.
شريف عبدالحي
2011-5-21
It is important to have a government in Lebanon, but whether the person in office is Sunni, Shiite, Christian or of another sect is not important. The fact of the matter is that the person should be concerned with the affairs of his people. However, there are some sectarian manipulations that are ongoing and which could make the citizens think about changing the system of government, which should be based on an important form of government. We need to find a system or a solution in order to put an end to the internal sectarian problems in the country. We should understand that the religious affiliation of the president, the prime minister or the speaker of the parliament is not of any significance. What is important is that that person takes care of the country while in office. We have to stop this foolish way of thinking that wants to create an image of the Arab and Muslim countries as being fraught with sectarianism, wars and terrorism. Also, we have to ensure that the people are pleased with the person in office and his way of governing. It is impossible for the Lebanese people to get rid of this form of government, which is based on the president being a Christian, the prime minister a Sunni and the speaker of the parliament a Shiite. What is important is that we should not give way to sectarianism at all, and instead we should support the truth, wherever it comes from. In order for nations to live in peace and security, they should abandon sectarianism and racism, and they should become concerned with the country’s situation and improve its conditions. The Lebanese people are one of the best Arab people, and I pray to God that He will help the peoples and bless them.
قاسم نصير
2011-5-21
Lebanon is a country that consists of various communities, ethnicities, religions and sects, and it is difficult to have stability in Lebanon, and to get rid of all these terms that the law makes references to, because everybody wants to participate in governing the country on the basis of being a citizen of the country. This is what everyone is demanding, and the cause of this is the backward thinking, as no one wants to allow others the opportunity to govern the country without bothering them and without constantly keeping an eye on them. Instead, there are political altercations and major rifts going on due to this issue, and every one of these sects and their representatives wants to wield total control. We will never get rid of these positions and this backward and uncivilized manner in which the country is governed, and which unfortunately demonstrates the extent of disunity and backwardness within the Lebanese individual.
قاسم نصير
2011-5-21
Lebanon is a country that consists of various communities, ethnicities, religions and sects, and it is difficult to stabilize the situation in Lebanon, and to get rid of all these terms that the law makes references to, because everybody wants to participate in governing the country on the basis of being a citizen of the country. This is what everyone is demanding, and the cause of this is backward thinking, as no one wants to allow others the opportunity to govern the country without bothering them and without constantly keeping an eye on them. Instead, there are political altercations and major rifts going on due to this issue, and every one of these sects and their representatives wants to wield total control. We will never get rid of these positions and the manner in which the country is governed in this backward and uncivilized manner, which demonstrates the extent of disunity and backwardness within the Lebanese individual, which is a sad situation.
حافظ شقير
2011-5-9
I hope that Lebanon gets rid of the sectarianism which is destroying this beautiful country. There are actually many communities living there, that should unite their attitudes for the sake of their country and avoid the personal interests and the abhorrent sectarian divisions that hamper the development of Lebanon. If the officials and politicians got rid of their sectarian drives, Lebanon would become one of the most developed countries. I support the demonstrations that denounce the role of sectarianism in the leadership of the government and the country, because this latter has a big impact on the Lebanese people in general. These demonstrations are considered a protest from all citizens of all ethnicities and orientations against all politicians, so that they will give up working this way and overcome their conflicts. I want to see Lebanon as a united country. It is not the only country that has several communities living on its land. All the countries of the world have the same ingredients and even more, and they are living in peace, keeping sectarian divisions away from the government and the state, so that the officials can lead the country as required, away from sectarian harassment and political differences.
D.moe
2011-5-7
It is in the best interest of the Lebanese people for all religions and sects to have a share in governance, so that problems would not occur. If it were said that a certain sect or religion has been removed from governance, it would create a heated atmosphere in the Lebanese public. As such, it is most suitable for there to be distribution in order to calm and satisfy all parties. This division has to vary when governance is transferred from one government to the next, so that the situation will not remain the same. For example, the president of the state could be Christian while the prime minister is a Sunni and the head of the parliament is a Shiite, and so on for many years. In the following years, the sects which would be in control of governance could be shuffled. As such, the president could then be a Sunni while the prime minister could be Shiite and the head of the parliament could be Christian, and so on. This way, the situations would not be more complicated than they already are, and all the reasons that create problems would be destroyed, as the state of Lebanon does not need them. This also contributes to stabilizing the situation and to preventing civil wars from returning to the arena once more. The system cannot take any more of this. It is in the best interest of everyone to work with the system of formation and distribution of positions between sects and religions, to give more care to the Lebanese people and to prevent them from getting into a civil war. This civil war could be the result of not distributing the positions. As such, it is in the best interest of the Lebanese to think about getting rid of the dictatorship that rules over the country.
عاطف سالم
2011-5-4
It is known that Lebanon has been suffering from sectarian conflict for decades. This situation has ignited wars because of the sectarian differences, and led to underdevelopment in the country in the different fields. In addition, it has weakened the country because some sectors took advantage of this conflict in weapons trafficking in order to claim as many lives as possible among the Lebanese people. They are fighting because they don’t accept any other opinions, and they are not willing to accept and respect other views so that the ship will reach the other side safely. Thus, it is necessary to adopt new ideas that call for the rejection of sectarian operations and rely on brotherly cooperation between all sides. I would like to thank the demonstrators in Lebanon who called for the eradication of sectarianism in the government and Lebanese society, in order to achieve comprehensive peace in the country and protect the citizens’ lives, regardless of their different sects and religions.
فادي
2011-4-24
As a Lebanese citizen, I think that we should think seriously about the demonstrations taking place in the country, which call for the eradication of sectarianism in the government. The Lebanese citizens should not be put in danger because of the multiplicity of sects. For this reason, the government should not take sectarianism into consideration, in order not to divide the Lebanese people, who reject this segregation. They are just asking for reforms through demonstrations that call for putting an end to sectarianism. They want to eradicate it in order to protect the citizens from harm, murder and civil wars, especially since the government is working on sowing dissension and sectarianism.
رفعت
2011-4-23
The Lebanese people don’t want to be divided. In fact, they want to be united under one flag, despite the diversity of sects.
عبود
2011-4-12
Good